Banswara

History :              The Banswara district forms eastern part of the region known as Vagad or Vagwar. The district was formerly a princely state ruled by the Maharavals. It is said that a Bhil ruler Bansia ruled over it and Banswara was named after his name. Bansia was defeated and killed by Jagmal Singh who became the first Maharaval of the princely state.
It is also named so because of the bamboos (Bans) which were found in abundance in the forests. In 1913 some bhils revolted under the headship of a social reformer Govindgiri and Punja which was suppressed in November, 1913. Hundreds of Bhils were shot dead at the Mangarh hillock where they were holding a peaceful meeting. The event is also known as the Mini Jalianwala Bagh massacre. The place has become sacred and is better known as the Mangarh Dham.           With the merger of the princely states in the Union of India, the Banswara State and Kushalgarh chiefship got merged in the Greater Rajasthan in 1949 and Banswara was carved out as a separate district by merging these principalities.

Geography

District Banswara is situated in the southern - most part of Rajasthan. It has an area of 5037 square kilometre and lies between 23.11° N to 23.56° N latitudes and 73.58° E to 74.49° E. longitudes.           It is bounded on the north by Dhariawad tehsil of Udaipur district and Pratapgarh district; on the east by Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh; on the west by Sagwara and Aspur tehsils of Dungarpur district; and on the south by Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh. It also touches the boundary of Panchmahal district of Gujrat on the south-west.           The region represents a rugged terrain undulated by short ridges west of Banswara. The eastern part of it is occupied by flat-topped hills of the Deccan trap. It has the southern end of the Aravali mountains.             The drainage system belongs to the Mahi river which originates from Amjera hills near Dhar in M.P. Its main tributaries are Anas, Chanp, Erav, Haran and Kagdi. The Mahi Bajaj Sagar dam has been constructed on the Mahi, some 16 k.m. away from Banswara town. Right and Left Main Canals and their distributaries irrigate 60,149 hect. of land. Normal annual rainfall is about 82.59 cms.             Maize, Wheat, Cotton, Gram are main crops. Graphite, Soapstone, Dolomite, Rock Phosphate, Limestone and a variety of marbles are found. Gold mineral is also found around Jagpura. Forest land consists of 20% of the told area but most of the forest land is devoid of trees. Hills have become bald-headed.

Statistical Information

Population :      As per 2001 Population census, the total population in the district is 1420601, where as 1991 census it was 1155600.  So Population growth rate compared to 1991 census, it is 29.84.  And earlier it was 30.34.  The density of population according to 2001 census is 298 per square kilometer. Tehsil Population & Literacy % (2001 Census): Sub Division Tehsil Population Literacy % Total Male Female Total Male Female Banswara Banswara 371320 189538 181782 52.36 67.32 36.83 Banswara Garhi 247468 125156 122312 53.79 70.15 37.19 Ghatol Ghatol 230344 116238 114106 37.67 54.30 20.86 Kushalgarh Kushalgarh 283534 143311 140223 37.33 52.49 21.75 Kushalgarh Bagidora 287935 145754 142181 40.87 57.06 24.27 Total 1420601 719997 700604 44.63 60.45 28.43 Urban Population & Literacy % (2001 Census): Sub Division Town Population Literacy % Total Male Female Total Male Female Banswara Banswara N.P. 87308 45432 41876 84.53 91.46 77.11 Banswara Parthapur 9947 4944 5003 80.82 90.22 71.69 Kushalgarh Kushalgarh N.P. 10108 5200 4908 85.45 93.18 77.22 Total 107363 55576 51787 84.27 91.51 76.59               Block Population (2001 Census):               Panchayat Samiti Population Total Male Female Anandpuri 111206 56613 54593 Bagidora 176729 89141 87588 Choti Sarwan 70085 35628 34457 Garhi 247468 125156 122312 Ghatol 230344 115822 114522 Kushalgarh 149078 75146 73932 Sajjangarh 134456 68165 66291 Talwara 301235 153845 147390 Total 1420601 719516 701085

Fairs & Festivals

Bhill community is a rivalry and very laborers community, so they could managed to get the entertainment on particular festival occasions only. Bhills are commonly tradition followers and they follow Kharo, Moto and Bhalo Dharms. Holi :      Holi is the main festival for the tribals. Tribes wear their traditional dresses carrying swords & sticks and performs the "Gair dance" which is a typical tribal dance of this region. Divasa (Haryali Amavasya) :      Divasa is a festival and it is being celebrated on the last day of first fortnight of Shravanmas. On that day special bath will perform to Bullocks and Animals, and prays them as they are God's different posture. Special food items will prepare on that day and enjoys with full of joy. Aamligyaras :      It is celebrated on the 11th day of the bright half of Phalgun and unmarried boys and girls observe fast on this day. They go to a pond in the afternoon, wash themselves and bring small branches of tamarind trees. The Bhils attend the fair armed with bows, arrows and swords. This festival is held at Ghodi Ranchod, Bhim Kund, Sangmeshwar, etc. Baneshwar Fair      The biggest tribal fair is held at Baneshwar at the confluence of Mahi, Som and Jhakham, which are believed to be holy rivers of the region. A number of tribals from Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan gather to immerse the mortal remains of the dead. They worship, sing and dance on Magh Purnima, sometime in the month of February, which is considered to be a holy period in this region. It starts in Magh Shukla Gyaras and Magh Krishna Panchami (peak period of this fair is Magh Purnima). Ghotia Amba Fair      This is a colorful and traditional fair held every year from Chaitra Thrayodashi to Chaitra Shukla Duje. The Bhils gather to take a holy dip in the tank near the temple with idols of Pandavas. They demonstrate their faith in the holy mango trees and Kaila Pani. Mangarh      This is an important fair of the tribals and is held on Margshirsha Purnima. At this fair the tribals o Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh & Gujarat participate and they pay tribute to Guru Govindgiri, founder of the Samp sabha. Details of Fairs & Festivals : Name of Fair / Festival Place Date Expected Crowd (Approx.) Choti Ranchord Motogauv Falgun Shukla Gyaras 20 to 25 Thousands Kalaji Ka Mela Gopinath Ka Ghada First Sunday of Navratri 5 to 10 Thousands Dev Jhulani Banswara Bhadrapad Shukla 11 25 Thousands Ghotia Amba Ghotia Amba (Borigama) Chaitra Amavasya 2 Lac Andeshwar Andeshwar (Kushalgarh) Kartik Purnima 25 Thousands Baneshwar Dungarpur - Banswara Maagh Purnima 4 to 5 Lac Rath Yatra Banswara                Ghatol         Bagidora/Talwara   Badodiya/Kalinjra Nogama/Partapur Arthuna/Aajna/Garhi   Daduka/ Kushalgarh Bhadrapad Shukla 3 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 Bhadrapad Shukla 2 5 to 10 Thousand Vaneshwar Vaneshwar (Banswara) Kartik Shukla 4 8 Thousands Maangarh Near Anandpuri Margshirsha Purnima 50 Thousands Gopeshwar Near Ghatol Kartik Purnima 15 Thousands Shivratri Madareshwar, Banswara Shivratri 10 Thousands Mangleshwar, Banswara Shivratri 10 Thousands Jaran Ka Mahadev Bagidora Shivratri 10 Thousands Navratri Tripura Sundari (Talwara) Ashtami 10 Thousands Vittaldev Mela Vittal Dev Poush Purnima 20 Thousands

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